The Black Angel

Beginning with the 1940's The Bride Wore Black (aka Beware the Lady), Cornell Woolrich launched into a two-decade output of celebrated mystery novels. Books like Phantom Lady, Deadline at Dawn, and I Married a Dead Man are acclaimed golden age suspense yarns featuring shadowy characters, ambiguous prose, and murky plots. Woolrich was as good as his peers, like Dashiell Hammett and Raymond Chandler, but could be scolded at times for recycling the same formula. That's my biggest criticism of The Black Angel, his 1943 novel first published in hardcover by Doubleday and now available in multiple formats, including audio and digital. 

The Black Angel is a reworking of plots in Woolrich's two short stories, "Murder in Wax" (Dime Detective March 1935) and "Face Work" (Black Mask October 1937). But my criticism isn't with that, instead it is the concept Woolrich used throughout this era of his writing – a series of four or five chapters where the main character interacts with someone in an effort to free a condemned person, gain revenge, or discover the answer to some sort of preposterous question. Sure, this could apply to just about any crime-fiction, noir novel, or story of the mid 20th century, but Woolrich doesn't even attempt to gain an off-ramp. He just rinses and repeats, albeit his motions are fluid, well-executed, and entertaining.

The Black Angel is a woman named Alberta, but nicknamed “Angel Face” by her husband, Kirk. She discovers that Kirk is having an affair with a mistress, a fluent entertainer named Mia. When Alberta arrives to confront Mia at the woman's apartment, she discovers her dead body. At the same time, Kirk calls Mia from work, and Alberta answers the phone. She disconnects before saying anything. A few hours later, the police locate and arrest Kirk for Mia's murder. However, Alberta knows Kirk didn't kill the woman and sets out to prove his innocence despite learning of his extramarital affair. 

In The Bride Wore Black, an unnamed woman hunts and kills five men on a quest to avenge the murder of her husband. The book used certainty – a predetermined sentencing for each character – to build suspense. It was divided into five parts, each dedicated to one of the five men the woman was interacting with in an effort to kill. 

The Black Angel uses the same setup, only this book has four parts, each of them dealing with a man that Alberta is investigating. She uses Mia's telephone book to trace these men, all having first names that begin with “M”, a pattern that corresponds with a matchbook clue left in Mia's doorway. As the time is racing towards Kirk's execution, Alberta must infiltrate each man's life – either by employment or seduction – and learn if they killed Mia. 

This same idea comes to fruition in the author's 1941 novel, The Black Curtain, where an amnesiac is hunting down people who were involved in his life over the last three years to prove his innocence in a murder. The author's 1942 novel Phantom Lady features a man scheduled for execution after being convicted of murdering his wife. His friends and a detective interview the people in his life to prove who the actual murderer is. In Deadline at Dawn, his 1944 mystery, a woman teams with a man to hunt down a killer before one of them is arrested for the crime. 

While reading the novel, I was consistently comparing the plot to other works by Woolrich and his contemporaries. But that didn't necessarily dampen my enjoyment. This is a terrific slow-burn combining a headstrong protagonist with some seedy characters to develop an interesting fish-out-of-water dynamic. Each of these four parts can be read like a standalone crime story. My favorite of them is the Dr. Mourdaunt portion, an effective dive into drug trafficking concerning a doctor leading Alberta on a type of scavenger hunt. 

Woolrich was a great storyteller, and The Black Angel is worth pursuing if you enjoy a calculated, slow pace as characters are fleshed out and the story weaves to a conclusion. The author purposefully keeps things hazy for a reason – nothing is terribly clear, which elevates the tension and mystery. Recommended, but just know what you get with a Woolrich novel. 

Get the book HERE

Dusty Shelves & Bookstore Cats

In this latest Paperback Warrior adventure, the hunt for vintage reads continues through the heart of Central Florida. Stops include the eclectic shelves of Needful Things and the cozy, nostalgia-filled The Family Book Shop. Join me for the book shopping! Watch below or on my YT page HERE.

Conan - Conan the Wanderer

Conan the Wanderer was first published by Lancer Books in 1968. The painted cover was created by John Duillo, who also created the cover for Conan of the Isles (bearded Conan!) and Conan the Freebooter (Conan is Tarzan!). The later Ace edition of the novel features a superior cover painted by Boris Vallejo. 

This collection is an odd one, featuring just four stories, one being the novella “The Flame Knife”, written by L. Sprague de Camp from a Robert E. Howard manuscript. It features two sole REH stories, “The Devil in Iron” and “Shadows in Zamboula”. The other story, “Black Tears”, is an original authored by both L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter. 

The typical introduction by L. Sprague de Camp features the obligatory map and a history of the stories involved. He makes note that “The Flame Knife” was originally a 42,000-word novella of adventure in Afghanistan titled “Three-Bladed Doom”. The story failed to sell, so Howard shortened it to 24,000 words to no avail. de Camp also provides examples of heroic fantasy, citing works like Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Fletcher Pratt's The Well of the Unicorn, and Fritz Leiber's Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser. The introduction concludes with a brief bio of the Conan character.

“Black Tears” is the first story in the collection (full review HERE). This is penned by de Camp and Carter, and later was adapted by Roy Thomas and Ernie Chan for The Savage Sword of Conan #38. Additionally, the story is included in the Orbit Books omnibus The Conan Chronicles 2. “Black Tears” picks up after the events in “A Witch Shall Be Born”. Conan is the chief of the Zaugir, an outlaw band of Kozak horsemen. In a setup, a blood brother of the former Zuagir leader sells Conan out to the rival Turanians, who ambush the group. After the battle, Conan is drugged by the Zuagir and left to die in the desert. He eventually finds a city called Akhlat the Accursed. There's an old prophecy that a man will come to town and liberate the city from a vampiric force. 

Parts of this story reminded me of Robert E. Howard's “The Scarlet Citadel”, especially the inevitable boss fight in the city's underground tunnels. The stone statue part of the story was reminiscent of “Shadows in the Moonlight”, with a little bit of “Red Nails” thrown in with the inner-city stuff. I really enjoyed the story and found it to be a perfect companion to “A Witch Shall Be Born”. The descriptions of mountains, tunnels, and the “beast” were executed very well. I know some Conan fans really don't like Carter or de Camp's pastiche style, but as I've stated in numerous reviews, I find their work to be mostly enjoyable.  

Howard's “Shadows in Zamboula” is next (full review HERE). This was originally published by Weird Tales in November 1935 as “The Man-Eaters of Zamboula”. The story was later republished in the Gnome Press collection Conan the Barbarian. It was adapted into comics for Savage Sword of Conan #14. It is a simple formula with Conan investigating a town's mystery, this one being a mysterious inn owned by a man named Aram Baksh. Conan voluntarily checks in at the inn and discovers the secret of the old inn – the guests are on the menu for flesh-eating cannibals! Howard's writing is rich on atmosphere, violence, and Lovecraftish imagery. The theme of Conan accepting a challenge always includes a twist, and this one was no different. This was a fantastic story.

Next is another of Howard's stories, “The Devil in Iron” (reviewed HERE). This first appeared in the August 1934 issue of Weird Tales and was adapted to comics for the October 1976 issue of The Savage Sword of Conan. Like many of these Conan stories, this one features a setup as Conan is lured to an abandoned island by Turan's king. The bait is a young woman, the trap is a giant! Along with the monster and the maiden is a raiding party led by the king's henchman, Agha. The giant's colossal nature and threat didn't affect me much, and the overall adventure left something to be desired. I didn't care for this story that much.

"The Flame Knife" finishes the collection (full review HERE). As I mentioned earlier, this was originally a manuscript titled “Three-Bladed Doom” featuring an Afghanistan adventure. The original hero was Howard's lovable El Borak. There are two versions of this story, one printed in REH Lone Star Fictioneer in 1976 and another in the Zebra paperback Three-Bladed Doom in 1977. Both of these versions feature an ending rewritten by Byron Roark. de Camp decided to take Howard's original work and modify it to fit as a Conan-led story titled “The Flame Knife”. This was originally published in Tales of Conan in 1955. The novella was also published as its own book in 1981 by Ace. It was adapted into comic form in Savage Sword of Conan #31-32. 

In de Camp's novels and stories, Conan is a cookie-cutter hero who personifies all that is good. The bad guys are carbon-copy bad. Conan's characteristics are much different than Howard's more nihilistic approach. That difference in style and characterization weighs down “The Flame Knife”.

Conan is instructed by the king of Iranistan to lead a team of men to hunt and kill a bandit named Balash. The problem is that Conan is friends with the bandit, so he leads his team to warn Balash of the king's pursuit. There's a bloated, convoluted backstory on the Hidden Ones cult and how they feel Conan is instrumental in their affairs. They soon create an army and hunt Conan. 

This story, albeit an average read, feels like something Steve Perry would dredge up as a Tor full-length. Conan fights a giant snow-ape (depicted by Sanjulian on the Ace paperback cover) and ends a longtime rivalry with a foe that was originally introduced in “A Witch Shall Be Born”. Those are the real highlights of the novella, along with the conventional swordplay, typical crazy cults, cave creatures, and prison escapes. 

Overall, this is a really enjoyable collection of Conan adventures, highlighted by “Black Tears” and “Shadows in Zamboula”. If anything, these old Lancer and Ace paperback collections are worth having in any book collection. I see them often in used bookstores, and they make great travel companions for a quick read on the go. Get a copy of the book HERE.

Underground Airlines

Ben Winters (b. 1976) is a New York Times bestselling author who won an Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for his 2012 novel The Last Policeman. The book was the first in a trilogy of pre-apocalyptic detective novels. My first experience with the writer is Underground Airlines, a 2016 novel published by Mulholland Books.

The novel is set in an alternate history of the United States, one in which the American Civil War never happened. The book's opening page shows the map of states, some of which are free and some that aren't – meaning slave labor is still legal. These states, which are mostly America's upper East Coast, as well as the “Hard Four”, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and California, use forced labor (mostly black) to manufacture goods, for farming, and for household servitude. 

The book's protagonist is Victor, a black undercover agent who works as a U.S. Marshall. His main duty is to hunt escaped slaves and bring them to justice. He's good at it and possesses a stellar resume of apprehensions. However, there's an inner turmoil within Victor that builds throughout the narrative. 

Victor was a slave himself. Throughout the novel, readers are fed pieces of Victor's backstory that reveal his life as a slave, his eventual escape to a free state, and his apprehension by authorities. The feds offered Victor official, legal freedom in exchange for his career as a slave-hunting cop. It is the proverbial “sell the Devil your soul” dish dressed and served deliciously by the author. 

Underground Airlines focuses on Victor's trail to find an escaped slave, a plot that weaves in and out of slave and free states in a compelling mix of unique takes on history and a contemporary look at forced labor in our current society (you're probably wearing clothes stitched by a slave as you read this). I think Winter's novel is a hard look at forced labor and the intricacies of protecting big business and their pockets. It reminded me of classics like Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 and how that book's main character, Guy Montag, begins to question the system and plots ways (with assistance) to upend the immoral fabric of the government. 

You can get this unique, entertaining novel HERE.

Pack Animals

I've always admired Greg F. Gifune's writing and have covered his books here on the blog and on the YT channel. Earlier this year, I had the opportunity to exclusively reveal his newest book's cover, a glorious piece by the talented Zach McCain, an internationally published artist who also created visually striking artwork for Gifune's 2022 horror novella Savages (Cemetery Dance). Since seeing the cover for Pack Animals (Macabre Ink), I've been anxiously counting the days until the book's release. Finally, the hunt is over. Or is it?

Thankfully, Gifune's writing style - an effective combination of visceral violence and horrifying psychosis - takes on one of my favorite aspects of horror. Like Savages, the early description for Pack Animals was a homage to the survival, late-night horror films of the 1970s and 1980s. Films like The Pack, Day of the Animals, The Howling, and Grizzly all sprang into my mind. This was the VHS market I grew up in in the 1980s and early 1990s, and I'm always searching for that same nostalgia in pop culture.

Pack Animals begins with an unknown woman arriving at a medical facility. Inside, she learns that her husband, or boyfriend, has experienced a significant trauma and now remains in a state of mental shock as his body recovers from exhaustive injuries. Inside his room, there's this heavy vacuum that seemingly sucks the hope from the room. The man is despondent and silent as he fixates on something far beyond the hospital, far beyond anything the two of them can understand.

As the book's narrative unfolds, Gifune then takes readers back to the start to explain the happenings and surroundings that have crushed the man's body and spirit. The author introduces a group of thirty-something male friends starting with Truck. He has experienced infidelity, a divorce, and a type of midlife crisis reassembling his life. He moves to an off-the-grid place nestled deep in the rural mountains of New Hampshire. Yet his peace and tranquility are shattered routinely with night visitors that hover in the treeline. Truck's defense is a shotgun, a handgun, and lots of ammunition, which sends up red flags for the tiny community. They don't trust outsiders and send one of their own to warn Truck to keep the peace. 

Later, Truck's assemblage of friends arrives to spend a week with him in his newfound mountain oasis. On their drive to Truck's house, they see an old woman in a bloody nightgown walking through the forest. Later, at Truck's house, they discover there's no phone signal. This isolation becomes alarming when they find Truck's behavior unsettling. He warns the group to leave before dark, before the visitors arrive. When they refuse, Truck provides them with details on something, or someone, that he chained up in his shed. Is Truck insane, or does the darkness bring a host of Hell?

I'm careful with reviewing Gifune's work because it is subjective. Many of his novellas and full-length novels play havoc with your imagination. Many of the horrors in the author's work present themselves differently depending on the reader. However, there's no denying that Pack Animals is a monster story. The book's cover, title, and synopsis suggest a werewolvish type of reading experience, and I believe the lead into the book's release promises survival horror. But it still possesses many of the ingredients that make Gifune's writing so good. 

Truck's move to the country reminds me of the events leading to Lance Boyce's move to snowy Maine in the excellent Lords of Twilight, one of Gifne's best. The disturbing arrival of the town sheriff called to mind the arrival of Bob in Gifune's equally entertaining The Rain Dancers. The idea of average individuals stranded and cold is a concept that Gifune often uses, most effectively in Midnight Solitaire. However, as much as Gifune uses his old tricks to scare us, it isn't simply a recycle. With Pack Animals, Gifune takes all of these elements and thrusts them into an action-oriented, fast-paced survival yarn that is bone-jarring horror, but equally a white-knuckled thriller. It is compared to Gifune's Savages, which is a fair comparison, but also something like Oasis of the Damned. These stories and concepts work well because they pit vulnerable, everyday people into harrowing fight-or-flight situations that push the boundaries of mental awareness and physical exhaustion. 

I could write for days on Greg Gifune's work and how much of an impact he's made not only as an author, but also as an editor. It is novels like Pack Animals that remind me just how great a storyteller he is. If you are searching for an enjoyable action-oriented monster novel, pack your bags for Pack Animals. It's a trip worth taking.

Get the book HERE.

Random Notes – I jotted down a few things as I was reading the book that didn't necessarily fit the review. The sheriff's name of Leland made me think of the nefarious shopkeeper and rival of Sheriff Pangborn, Leland Gaunt, the star of Stephen King's Needful Things. There's a character mentioned at the end of Pack Animals named Maynard. This seems like a nod to Herman Raucher's classic horror paperback Maynard's House. It would be remiss of me not to say that Michael McBride's own monster novel Snowblind came to mind as well. Both Pack Animals and Snowblind should now be the high-water mark of the survival horror genre. 

Trapped in Death Cave

Oklahoma native Bill Wallace began his storytelling career by engaging his students as an elementary school teacher. He became a popular juvenile fiction author, writing 38 total novels before he died in 2012. Many of his novels, like A Dog Called Kitty, Red Dog, and Coyote Autumn, are still in print today and have permanent homes in school libraries. I can fondly remember seeing his boy's adventure paperbacks like Danger on Panther Creek and Blackwater Swamp at the school book fairs when I was a kid. The one that really grabbed my attention was his 1984 Archway Paperback (Pocket Books), Trapped in Death Cave. Martin Hoffman's vivid cover connected with me, probably because of Raiders of the Lost Ark, released three years before this book's release. Regardless, I don't remember ever reading the book, but it's never too late. I grabbed a copy and settled into 164 pages of juvenile adventure. 

Brian's family travels to rural Oklahoma every year for Easter break. This is a long weekend that allows Brian to hang out with his best friend Seth, a local kid who lives near the family's tiny cabin. This year, Seth is mourning the death of his grandfather. However, Seth reveals to Brian that he believes his grandfather was murdered. Seth explains that there are rumors of hidden gold in the nearby mountain range and that his grandfather was obsessed in locating it. After he discovered it, as evidenced on some maps left behind for Seth, he was murdered by someone hoping to cash in on the discovery. 

Like any good treasure hunt, Trapped in Death Cave provides a stereotypical legend of Native Americans possessing magic. In their wars with the U.S. Army and white men devouring their homes, the natives were able to trap people in a “death cave” as a type of sacred curse. The original gold handlers were supposedly trapped/killed in this cave with the loot they stole. It's all mostly juvenile nonsense, but it makes for a fun story.

As Brian and Seth prepare to search the mountains for the gold and to locate the murderer, Seth is captured by a man. Brian, with the help of a local widowed woman (rumored to be a witch), heads to the mountains to save Seth and solve the mystery.

As a middle-grade boys' adventure, Trapped in Death Cave is a lot of fun and quickly breezes by within an hour. I enjoyed the three main characters, the brief escapism, and the book's alluring cover brought to life on page 105. However, the finale was a bit ridiculous with cavernous plot holes too large to overlook. But, considering the age and market, these types of illogical perplexities are to be expected. 

Trapped in Death Cave is a nostalgic, rip-roaring adventure sure to please readers of any age. Get your copy HERE.

The Silver Revolver

I've covered a number of John Shirley's books here at Paperback Warrior. From series entries in the Traveler and The Specialist, to politically-charged stand-alone novels like The Brigade. I've read Shirley's stories for a long time, predating Paperback Warrior's humble beginnings in 2013. I wanted to refocus my efforts on reading more of his stories, series titles, and stand-alone novels. I was emailed his newest novel, The Silver Revolver, published by Rough Edges Press in October 2025. 

“That humid summer morning, I brushed my teeth, showered, consumed bran cereal, drank some coffee while reading the lead paragraphs on the front page of the Chronicle, and took the Muni to work in downtown San Francisco. A little later that day, I was going to the emergency room to see my son. A little later yet, I was getting drunk beside a pool of  blood.”

Just like that, Shirley invites readers into a complex criminal underworld through his conduit, a divorced father from Texas named Slim Purdoux. After his son dies from a fatal drug concoction, Slim enters a feral underworld of pimp overseers and drug servants to hunt the man responsible. Yet, his entrance into this violent, vengeful reverie is surprising. 

In the book's first two chapters, which may be the best one-two punch of recent memory, Slim patiently sits as his corporate overseer, a publishing manager, carefully explains that AI will consume most of his job for the foreseeable future. An hour or two later, Slim finds himself ankle deep in blood as the survivor of a mass shooting. This uncanny intrusion of life's unexpectedness permanently scars Slim and propels him into action. It's rudimentary cause and effect, but in the hands of John Shirley, it's an unceremonious approach to upend crime noir's most effective plot device – the man on the run.

The novel plunges both Slim and the reader into a narcotic wasteland of pimps, whores, drug runners, and their makeshift masters. It's a noxious journey for Slim, a likable ex-con gone-good forced to fast-draw (literally) his way through a twisty labyrinth of painted ladies and shady men. Shirley's inclusion of Dulcet, a sexy, enigmatic hooker, uplifts Slim's violent mission and adds a sexy exuberance to the story. It reminded me of crime fiction's most dangerous couple, Dan J. Marlowe's Drake and Hazel, albeit less affectionate. 

The Silver Revolver is a testament to John Shirley's blunt-force storytelling ability. It's an intense crime noir that transforms not only the characters, but the reader. Make this your next absolute page-turner! Highly recommended.

Get the book HERE.

The Sparrows Fall

Charles Frederick “Fred” Bodsworth (1918-2012) was born in Ontario and worked as a journalist for several Canadian newspapers. He authored five novels, one of which was Last of the Curlews (1955), a popular wildlife novel that was adapted into an animated Emmy-winning film by Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1972. His novels focused on the Arctic and other frosty locales like the Hudson Lowlands. I wanted to try his great outdoor yarn, The Sparrow's Fall. It was published in 1967 as a hardcover by Doubleday. My edition is the first paperback printing, the 1968 edition by Signet. 

Jacob is a member of the Atihk-Anishini tribe located in the Hudson Lowlands. He falls in love with a young woman of his own tribe named Niska. The issue is that Niska has been promised to another man in Jacob's tribe, a great hunter named Taka. It's a forbidden love narrative, but ultimately expands into a much broader outdoor adventure. 

A pastor arrives by plane and dedicates himself to providing Christianity to the tribe. He introduces Jacob and Niska to the Bible and to the teachings of Jesus. Jacob and Niska ask the pastor to marry them, however, the pastor has some qualms about doing so. First, he wants to honor God's commandment to honor mother and father. If he marries the two of them, he is defying the wishes of Niska's parents. However, he also realizes that both Jacob and Niska have shrugged away their pagan religion (animal and wind gods, etc.) for Christianity. He wants them to marry and create a new generation of Christian followers. I will leave his decision out of the review so I don't ruin anything.

The outdoor adventure begins with Jacob and Niska leaving the tribe (the synopsis gives the reason away) and forging a new path deep in the frosty tundra of the Lowlands. But, Jacob, conflicted with a number of emotional things (some of which are his own doing), waits too long to kill deer for the coming winter. He then must go alone to hunt, leaving Niska behind in hopes she can endure until he returns. However, Jacob soon realizes he's not the only hunter. Taka is tracking him.

This book was hard for me, but I appreciated it. What I really enjoyed was the Christian discussion and the perplexing things Jacob asked about God – things I had never thought of before. I also really enjoyed the tribal politics and the adventures Jacob has in his war with Taka. Great stuff. But, the book has very little dialogue. Instead, there are endless pages of descriptions of Jacob hunting. Details on wind conditions, the history of the Lowlands, and the movement of wildlife were interesting to a degree, but I quickly tired of it. Keep in mind that this author wrote Last of the Curlews and the protagonist is a bird. He uses that same formula in this book and has portions of the book dedicated to deer. 

Despite my qualms with the book, I'm still going to recommend reading it. It's great escapism, offers some deep thoughts on religion and its history, and is a wonderful expansion on the Canadian wilds. I confess that I did have to skip some pages of descriptive details on deer and trees, but it didn't detract wholly from my enjoyment. Get the book HERE.

The Phantom Coach

Amelia Edwards (1831-1892) was a British writer and artist that was deemed the “Godmother of Egyptology”. Her fascination with Egyptian culture led to a successful travelogue titled A Thousand Miles up the Nile. Her most famous novel is Barbara's History, published in 1864. However, she appears in several horror anthologies and digests with her frightening tale “The Phantom Coach”. The story first appeared in All the Year Round in 1864 as “Another Past Lodger Relates His Own Ghost Story” with the author unnamed. My version of the story is in The Phantom Coach: Thirteen Journeys into the Unknown edited by Peter C. Smith and published by William Kimber in 1979. 

The story's narrator is a young attorney named Murray. He is relaying an event that happened to him twenty years ago, an event he has never disclosed until now. Murray, newly married, is vacationing in the English countryside. He goes hunting (against his new bride's wishes) in the rural moors and forests during a snowstorm. After a few hours, he realizes he has become lost as the snowfall increases. Thankfully, Murray flags down an older gentleman in the wild. This stranger isn't helpful, and advises Murray that the nearest town is twenty miles away. Murray, desperate to live, sort of forces his will upon this old man, Jacob, and accompanies him back to the cottage where Jacob's master lives.

The master of the manor isn't thrilled to find Jacob has returned with an unwanted guest. After a bit of a verbal tussle, Murray sits with Jacob's master to have some dinner. It is during this conversation that the master advises Murray that he has been away from society and his colleagues in the scientific and technological industry. He wants to learn more about Murray's worldly experiences and, in doing so, he reveals to Murray that he has a fascination with the supernatural.  

Eventually the master encourages Murray to leave that very night to meet the mailman's coach that will be within five miles of the cottage. The mailman can then return Murray back to his wife at the Inn. But, this requires five miles through the dark snowfall on an abandoned coach road. On the journey, Jacob explains to Murray that a horrible accident happened on the old coach road nine years prior. He then leaves Murray with instructions on how to find the mailman's coach at a type of crossroads between the old road and the new one. To reveal any other details would ruin the thrill of this Victorian ghost story.

Amelia Edwards writes with a heavy handed descriptive approach that steers clear of an archaic prose. This is a smooth atmospheric tale that uses the dark moors, forest, and isolation to present a ghost story. Edwards has the ability to reveal very little about Jacob and the master, yet still somehow marries the two characters to the reader flawlessly. Every word they speak in this story hinges on some soon-to-be revelation that will affect the unfortunate protagonist. There's a great deal of mystery on just what awaits Murray on this old coach road. Once the terror reveals itself, Murray and readers are plucked from this out-of-the-way seclusion into a stuffy and cramped space saturated in doom and death. It's a wonderful scene switch that sets the story's finale. 

The Phantom Coach should be easily accessible as a free read. It is worth the effort to hunt it down. Recommended!

Buy an ebook version of the story plus others HERE.

Paperback Warrior Primer - Norman Daniels

Norman Daniels (Norman Arthur Danberg, 1905-1995) was a prolific author that experienced tremendous success in the pulp market before creating a second career writing numerous paperback originals, novelizations, and television tie-ins in a variety of genres. He used a multitude of pseudonyms and even collaborated with his wife Dorothy, a sensational paperback writer that specialized in gothic-romance titles. I presented the author's life and literary work on a podcast episode HERE, but wanted to provide a text on this workaholic writer that has seemingly vanished from the reader radar.

Here's a Paperback Warrior Primer on Norman Daniels. 

Norman Arthur Danberg was born in 1905 in Connecticut. He attended both Columbia and Northwestern University. Daniels' first published story was "The Death House Murder", which appeared in Detective-Dragnet magazine in 1932. That same year he saw his stories in magazines like The Shadow Detective Monthly, All-Detective Magazine and Gangster Stories. The December 1933 issue of Thrilling Detective featured a story called “Cold Steel”. This was an important moment for Daniels because it secured a relationship with the pulp powerhouse Standard, which was owned by Ned Pines. They produced a ton of titles in the 30s and 40s and competed with the equally productive publisher Street & Smith. 

Daniels was asked by Standard to pen stories starring their pulp hero The Phantom Detective. From my research it shows that he wrote over 30 installments of the series. After a little bit of a downward curve in pulp sales, the publisher began to think of new ways to gain readers. The idea was to create new heroes. Norman Daniels came up with the idea of The Black Bat character and placed him in Black Book Detective magazine in July 1939. I have a review for the first Black Bat story HERE.

Daniels not only created The Black Bat, he also had a hand in writing, and if not outright creating, a slew of other titles like Dan Fowler G-Man, The Crimson Mask, The Eagle, The Candid Camera Kid, Captain Danger, The Masked Rider, Range Riders as well as also writing for the rival Street and Smith publisher with their pulps like The Avenger, Crime Busters, Doc Savage, The Feds and the popular The Shadow Magazine. 

The author's Masked Detective character debuted in Masked Detective in 1940. It ran for 12 total issues with a 13th story appearing in Thrilling Mystery. Daniels wrote the first few issues of the series before handing the project off to the other work-horse authors of that era like Sam Merwin Jr. and W.T. Ballard. I reviewed the first appearance of the character HERE.

The author proved to be extremely busy in the 1940s writing shorts for the likes of Romantic Range, Army-Navy Flying Stories, Popular Detective, G-Men Detective, Sky Fighters, Clues Detective Stories, Crack Detective Stories, Thrilling Detective, and Exciting Navy Stories.

The birth of the paperback in the 1950s would be a welcome mat for Daniels to increase his productivity. Using a variety of pseudonyms, Daniels went to work on creating a number of full-length novels that appeared in paperback format. While he was writing for this new format, he continued to write shorts for the magazines and pulps like Western Romance and Mystery Detective. But his paperback output really flourished at this time.

Under the pseudonym of Mark Reed he wrote sleazy books for publishers like Falcon and Rainbow. Books like Street of Dark Desires, The Nude Stranger, Sins of the Flesh, House of 1000 Desires. As David Wade, Daniels wrote at least six books - Come Night, Come Desire, Raise the Devil, She Walks by Night, Bedroom with a View, Only Human and Walk the Evil Street (review HERE). Under the name Norma Dunn he wrote Lida Lynn, Shack Girl, The Twist and Another Man in your Life. Under his real name of Norman Daniels, he produced novels like Mistress on a Deathbed, Sweet Savage and Bedroom in Hell.

While writing a lot of 1950s paperbacks, Daniels also wrote television scripts. According to IMDB, Daniels penned scripts for shows like Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Sugarfoot, Colt. 45, Zane Grey Theater, Ford Theater and General Electric Theater among others. In the 1960s, Daniels incorporated television novelizations and tie-ins into his repertoire with books based on shows like Arrest and Trial, Sam Benedict, The Smith Family, Chase, The Detectives, Ben Casey, Dr. Kildare, The Avengers, etc.

Also in the 1960s, Daniels created an eight-book spy series called The Man from A.P.E. starring a secret agent named John Keith. That series ran from 1964-1971. I read and reviewed the debut HERE. Daniels also wrote a two book series of spy novels starring a CIA agent named Bruce Baron. These were The Baron of Hong Kong from 1967 and Baron's Mission to Peking from 1968. He also wrote a stand-alone spy novel called Spy Hunt in 1960 (reviewed HERE). 

He wrote for a number of other publishers in the 1960s including several WW2 novels like Moments of Glory, Battalion, and Strike Force (aka Killer Tank, reviewed HERE). 

Daniels also wrote another short series starring a California police chief named Kelly Carvel. These books were The Rape of a Town in 1970 followed by One Angry Man in 1971 and concluding with License to Kill in 1972. I reviewed the series debut HERE.

Daniels also submerged himself into the marketable medical thriller and hospital trend. He authored titles like The Surgeon, Savage Heart, Jennifer James RN, Stanton Bishop MD and The Tarnished Scalpel.

In the 1970s, Norman Daniels began delving into the gothics genre. Daniels wrote many of them under the name Angela Gray. Some title names were The Ashes of Falconwyk, Ravenswood Hall, Watcher in the Dark and The Warlock's Daughter. He also wrote them under the name Suzanne Somers. These had titles like Mists of Mourning, Until Death, The House on Thunder Hill and House of Eve. He also used the name Cynthia Kavanaugh to pen gothic romances like The Deception and Bride of Lenore. He also wrote at least one under the name Geraldine Thayer, a novel titled The Dark Rider.  Daniels even wrote some gothic-romance novels under his wife's name to leverage her market value and name.

Norman Daniels was very prolific because he knew the paperback trends and pop-culture. He wrote what was popular at the time and hinged much of his success on what was selling at the cinema. If spy films were popular then he wrote espionage thrillers. Once the gothic market took off he was quick to jump into that concept. When WW2 and high-adventure became a trend, Daniels was quick to place his efforts in that niche. 

Norman Daniels died in Camarillo California in 1995. Much of his literary work, journals, notes and manuscripts were donated to Bowling Green University where they remain available for anyone wishing to browse the author's work. His wife Dorothy, who sold over 10 million copies and wrote over 150 novels, passed away in 2001.

Do You Know Me? & Other Aberrations

Bruce Walter Gardner Lively Stacy Elliott, known as Bruce Elliott, (1914-1973) was a prolific writer of crime-fiction and sci-fi in the pulps. He also worked as a television screenwriter and practiced stage magic. He wrote 15 novels for The Shadow Magazine between 1946 and 1948 and helped edit and publish a number of men's magazines like Rogue and The Gent.

Back in August of 2023 I read and reviewed Elliott's fabulous short “Do You Know Me?”, originally published in the February 1953 issue of Thrilling Detective. I enjoyed the story so much that I contacted Greg Shepard at Stark House Press and informed him that he should read the story as well. Thankfully, two years later, Greg, and the great Stark House Press folks, have published a short story compilation by Elliott containing 10 of his best works culled from the detective and science-fiction pulps and magazines. The story I recommended to Greg, “Do You Know Me?” was used as the title story and the artwork from the original publication adorns the front cover. Wonders never cease.

After reading the book in its entirety, including the excellent introduction by Nicholas Litchfield, here are the capsule reviews for each story:

“Do You Know Me” (Thrilling Detective, Feb. 1953) - The author introduces “the man nobody knew” as a resident of a West 47th Street apartment just east of Broadway. The room in which the man awakens has door frames and windows stuffed with newspapers. Beside the bed, written in lipstick, an ominous message is scrawled: “Since you can't catch me, and since I don't want to kill again, I'm going to kill myself.” This man, who I refer to simply as “the killer” stalks the city and savagely cuts off his victims' faces while maniacally asking “do you know me, do you recognize me, and where do you know me from?” Through the course of Elliott's compelling, awe-inspiring story, more characters are introduced, each with their own backstory. All of these characters entwine in a disturbing series of events that mirrors an active-shooter situation today. In this story, the killer begins randomly murdering people in nightmarish fashion in the middle of Times Square. Elliott's provides some riveting stuff involving sexuality, social unrest, and mental illness. This is a must-read.

“Vengeance is Not Enough” (Stories Annual v1, 1955) – The story begins with a man named Henry Timms sweating from shock therapy at the hands of a psychiatrist. As the doctor prods, Henry recalls the events that led him to the doctor – the horrific murder of his young son in a hit-and-run. But, just as the past events unveil before the reader a gun shot sounds and the doctor is killed. The story then follows Henry trying to find answers on what happened and who is responsible. It's an effective “innocent man on the run” story with a distinct flavor that only Elliott could provide - ethereal, violent, and wholly unique.

“The Darkened Room” (Popular Detective, May 1953) – Matching the title's dimness, Elliott's bleak writing elevates this story as a real highlight of the collection. A criminal named Garrow and his partner Madigan have stolen gems from a celebrity and hocked them. At a hotel in New York, Garrow pays a visit to Madigan and selfishly strangles him to death to be sure all the money is his. Then the narrative is a rollercoaster as Garrow runs from the cops by seeking shelter in a dark flophouse. But, like all good heists, the criminal never gets away with the cabbage. This one has a fitting ending that serves as a type of cautionary tale – crime doesn't pay.

“Carnage in Colossa” (Sea Stories, Nov. 1953) – Tommy Winters is an American crewman on a shipping trawler. At an extended stop on a small Pacific island, Tommy strikes up an intense affair with a married islander named Acquila. One night he awakens from a drunken beating to discover his passport, money, and ship has left him behind. Penniless and homeless, Tommy agrees to work for Acquila's husband, a fat seedy merchant and restaurant owner named Madigan. If Tommy can do all the dirty work around the place for a week – mopping up piss and puke – then he'll earn enough money to get a transport to the nearest U.S. Embassy. After one week of working for Madigan by day, and sleeping with his wife by night, Tommy is hopeful he can get away. But, there's a surprise awaiting Tommy and the reader. “Carnage in Colossa” was an exceptional tale laced with grime and shady characters. It's a cautionary tale that has a fitting and enjoyable ending, but left me guessing where Elliott was going to dump these despicable people.

“Death Lives in Brooklyn” (Thrilling Detective, Apr. 1953) - Farnell is an attorney that lost everything. He now spends his time on 47th street in Broadway playing nickel and dime ball. A mob henchman is roughing up a couple of people when Farnell hears their victim whisper to him to check the bathroom. That same victim warns Farnell to avoid the police because “they are iced”. In the john, Farnell finds a signed document sealed in an envelope. He has the foresight to take a photo of the document using one of the arcade camera vending machines (that was a thing back then). Farnell then goes on the run from the Syndicate and their killers who want this mysterious document. He's eventually caught and ordered for execution in a run down section of Brooklyn. Like any good crime-noir, the innocent man-on-the-run is being chased by cops and crooks. This was such a great story and is really ahead of its time. Today, taking photos of documents with our phones is an everyday thing. Back then it was unheard of outside of espionage.

“The Devil Was Sick” (The Magazine of Fantasy and Science-Fiction, Apr. 1951) – This is the first sci-fi story to appear in the compilation. In this futuristic story, a man named Acleptos is attempting to consult the internet (this is 1951 and the internet is a fantasy creation called The Machine) on the notion of devils and demons. He's trying to conjure a real demon using an ancient method of reading scripture by candlelight. When he successfully invites a demon he begins making the obligatory wishes. The demon, bored with the same requests of sex and money, is surprised when Acleptos asks for something different. This is an abstract story with an emphasis on mental health, demon possession, and divine intervention. It is up for debate on what the story is really about, but my takeaway was based on Biblical scripture and the idea of initial expelling of “sick” angels - fueled by jealousy and greed – from Heaven.

“The Last Magician” (The Magazine of Fantasy and Science-Fiction, Jan. 1953) – This is another futuristic story where magicians are few and far between now. Everyone has access to everything due to technology. But, there's one rare magician named Duneen that does a type of vaudeville magic show for the people. Duneen has a Martian girl as his assistant and he abuses her. But, the girl still loves him. When the narrator, telling the story in first-person, is offered a chance to assist in a Houdini-styled escape trick, he picks a type of advanced vacuum tube for Duneed to escape from. Only, the narrator has a trick of his own. This was my least favorite story of the bunch. It isn't terrible, but left me wanting a little more.

“Wolves Don't Cry” (The Magazine of Fantasy and Science-Fiction, Apr. 1954) – Have you seen the 1987 comedic film Walk Like a Man, starring TV celebrity and talent show host Howie Mandel? I can't help but think someone involved in that film read this short story. It's about a wolf that is captured and placed in a zoo, but during a transformation overnight he awakens as a man. The zoo is confused on how the man got inside the cage and they quickly let him go. Unfortunately, for this wolf, he is trained over weeks to become a rehabilitated civilized human. Elliott's story is poignant and speaks about a naturalist approach to living – as bizarre as it is. It's a quick fun read that offers a different style and feel from the author.

“So Sweet as Magic” (Fantasy Fiction, Aug 1953) – With Elliott's experience as a practicing magician, he delves into this hilarious industry with this humorous fantasy tale. A magician named Bardoni is a fairly successful stage magician that has cut his teeth working his way through card tricks, vaudeville, and the 'ole tablesaw bit. But, he's become complacent with his show and realizes the rabbit doesn't come easy any longer. After a performance, Bardoni is invited to speak with a mysterious magician named Count St. Germain, who may in fact be the real Frenchman that lived in the 1700s. After a night of drinking with the Count, Baroni awakens with a magical ring on his hand and a message that states if Baroni takes the ring off he will die. But, that isn't the only thing that's changed overnight. Bardoni finds that the entire world has changed overnight. This new world contains real magic, and, with magicians doing things like levitating and reporting to actual wizards, Bardoni must hunt down the Count to figure out what is happening. This is a crazy story filled with funny moments about magic, magicians, the art of the industry, and the political nature of this new society. I consider it fantasy or dark fantasy and the story was unusual but highly enjoyable.

“The Man Next Door” (Amazing Stories, Dec 1953/Jan 1954) - This is another one of Elliott's science-fiction stories. Like the story before it, this also has some humor, this time poking fun at pulp writers and their struggles to create stories featuring many of the same elements that have been done to death. Barlay is a writer that is suffering from writer's block. In the basement, his son is building an actual time machine while Barlay's wife is having an affair with the neighbor. I can't help but think Elliott is suggesting writers miss life happening around them due to the time spent behind the keyboard. But, in a wild turn of events, a meeting of the minds in a future boardroom directly connects to Barlay's son and his creation. This was a really fun time-travel adventure set within the confines of a struggling creator. It's also a clever tongue-in-cheek dig at the publishing industry.

As you can see, Elliott dabbled in a little bit of everything – but he was seemingly good at everything. Whether it is serial killers, shady criminals, bumbling magicians, time-travel, or everyday people experiencing extraordinary events, Elliott's writing is both flexible and superb. This collection is a real testament to his writing. Highly recommended. Get it HERE.

Paperback Warrior Primer - Harry Whittington

Back in 2022, Tom Simon, an alumni of Paperback Warrior, was asked to write an introduction for the Stark House Press twofer A Ticket to Hell and Hell Can Wait, both by the iconic crime-noir writer Harry Whittington. I wanted to share this write-up with the Paperback Warrior fans and readers that didn't have the opportunity to purchase the book. I hope you enjoy it. 

"Investigating Harry" 

“Have you ever heard of an author named Harry Whittington?” I asked the used bookstore lady.

I was in Ocala, Florida trying to dig up information that might be helpful for the introduction to this Harry Whittington twofer. Smarter guys than me have written introductions for previous Harry Whittington reprints. I needed an angle, so I was sniffing around Harry’s childhood hometown looking for leads.

I should probably explain that I’m a recently-retired FBI Special Agent who spent the last five years of the job investigating federal crimes in Northern Florida. I worked a handful of cases in Ocala, but this was my first time back since I retired and opened my own private eye firm. However, it wasn’t my sleuthing that landed me this writing gig. Stark House hit me up because of my side-hustle, a blog and podcast called Paperback Warrior where I cover pulp fiction with my buddy Eric. We host the largest collection of Harry Whittington book reviews on the internet, so Stark House figured I might have something to say about Harry’s work that hadn’t already been said - a tall order.

Facing the problem of what to write that hadn’t already been covered, I recalled a saying: “When all you have is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail.” I’m an investigator, so I drove down to Ocala to knock on some doors.

A Ticket to Hell was the first of Harry’s books I read and remains my favorite. I reviewed Hell Can Wait much later and enjoyed it quite a bit. I could go on and on about the stuff I liked about each paperback, but I don’t want to spoil either novel for you. I hate it when introductions do that, and I don’t want to be that guy. You should read both, and I promise you’ll like them. If you only have one week to live and must choose, go with A Ticket to Hell. It’s the stronger of the pair.

Ocala is pretty far inland, so erase from your mind images of the sandy beaches of Miami or Daytona. This is non-coastal Florida marshland. Harry clearly drew upon this lush and humid ecosystem for many of his swamp-noir novels - Cracker Girl, Swamp Kill, Backwoods Hussy, and Backwoods Shack among them. If that sub-genre is your jam, the best is Backwoods Tramp, also released as A Moment To Prey. Driving through the sand pines and magnolia trees of the Ocala National Forest, I understood why this setting was so alluring for many of Harry’s early paperbacks. It’s a vivid and earthy place thick with Spanish moss dripping from the branches - a perfect setting for a rural noir tale.

When Harry was growing up, Ocala was a one-horse town. Nowadays, there are thousands of horses. In fact, breeding and training horses is Ocala’s main industry. The city leaders call it “The Horse Capital of the World,” and Marion County hosts more than 600 thoroughbred farms. Back in Harry’s day, Ocala farmers were mostly raising citrus, cotton and tobacco.  

Fun Fact: The town’s only real celebrity today is John Travolta, who owns a giant compound in a subdivision with its own airfield. I wanted to ask him if he’s heard of Harry Whittington, so I drove out to his gated neighborhood to snoop. I made it through a haphazardly-opened gate and toured for about ten minutes marveling at the mansions - each with their own airplane hanger. There was no sign of Mr. Travolta when I was pulled over by neighborhood security and swiftly shown the exit gate.

I continued my field investigation at Ocala’s best used bookstore. There are only two remaining, and the other one is a lousy firetrap. The good one is called A Novel Idea, and it’s in a strip mall near a movie theater. I always made it a point to swing by the place whenever I was working a case in the area. I had long since bought all their vintage crime paperbacks, but I still liked visiting  - mostly to see the store’s two in-house cats: Lord Byron and F. Scott Fitzgerald. In my absence, Fitzy had died. Now there’s only Lord Byron on the lookout for paperback shoplifters.

The store’s proprietor is Lori. Her daughter is the owner, but Lori runs the joint. She’s from Ocala but admitted that she’d never heard of Harry Whittington.

“He was born and raised here as a kid,” I told her. “He later moved to St. Petersburg and authored over 170 novels during the mid-20th century. They called him The King of Paperbacks because he was so prolific. He wrote books in a bunch of different genres under his own name and a giant list of pseudonyms.”

She listened politely to my Wikipedia speech and acted about as interested as retail politeness would dictate. Honestly, I wasn’t sure what I was expecting. Excitement? Tears? A discount?

I swung by the public library in Ocala and asked the same question with similar results. The lady at the information desk had never heard of Harry, and the library carried none of his books. I hadn’t struck out this much with women since I was dating. Small towns are supposed to lionize their native sons, but Harry had been seemingly wiped from everyone’s memory here.

I needed an informant with good intel, so I contacted the Marion County Genealogical Society and asked them to do some digging. A fellow named Arnold Davis turned up some good dirt using historical records.

Harry’s parents (Harry Sr. & Rosa Hardee) were married on June 12, 1912 at the home of Rosa’s parents on South Magnolia Street. The happy couple settled into a house on Pond Street, and Harry was born on February 4, 1915. His dad ran Staple & Fancy Groceries on Main Street, and the family was somewhat wealthy compared to the farmers residing in the area.

Arnold the Informant uncovered a mosaic of family stories from Harry’s childhood - family trips to the beach in Daytona and a wayward nail that almost blinded his mom. One foggy night in 1922, Harry Sr. crashed his truck into a “dummy cop” statue erected in the middle of Main Street. The city had strategically placed these dummies to slow traffic, and the accident resulted in a lofty fine of $11.10 to cover repairs to the inert lawman.  

I went by the locations of Harry’s three childhood homes in Ocala. I was pleased to find that there were many places in the Historical District remaining from Harry’s era, but none of his houses remained. I had lunch at an old fashioned diner that used to be Elliott’s Drive-In back in the day. The food was excellent, but the waitress never heard of Harry.

After World War I in 1918, Ocala was a hot spot for tourists from the north visiting by way of the Orange Blossom Trail, now Highway 27. This was before the development of America’s interstate highway system, and Model-T tourism sparked the golden age of roadside attractions. Ocala’s contribution to this culture was Silver Springs. It’s now a state park, and I paid two bucks to walk through the paths surrounding the waters. Signs warned me to beware of both alligators and monkeys (feed neither, please). When Harry was 14, a guy named Ross Allen used to wrestle alligators there to the delight of both locals and tourists. From 1958 to 1961, Lloyd Bridges filmed the underwater adventure scenes for Sea Hunt in the spring’s crystal clear waters. 

I hit up my friend Ben Boulden. He’s a great author living in Utah and a solid guy. I remembered his introduction to a Stark House double by Lionel White and how much I enjoyed it. Ben is a whiz at researching old census records, so I solicited his help.

Ben hooked me up with a good timeline of Harry’s life using census and other historical records that I overlaid with the intel from Arnold to create a coherent timeline. Sometime around 1924, the Whittington clan moved 100 miles away to Tampa on the Gulf of Mexico, and Harry’s dad landed a job as a salesman for C.B. Witt Company, a wholesale grocer. For unclear reasons, Harry returned to Ocala in September 1930 as a transfer student from St. Petersburg to complete his final two years of high school. I’m guessing he lived with grandparents or extended family until he graduated from Ocala High School on June 3, 1932. 

I wanted to head over to Harry’s alma mater to regale the students vaping in the parking lot with stories about “The King of Paperbacks.” It became Forest High School in 1969 and is now Marion Technical Institute, a place for kids looking to get into the trades. I went by the school but didn’t see the upside of hassling these future welders, cooks and first responders with dumb questions about a long-dead author.

Harry returned to the family home in St. Petersburg after graduating high school in Ocala. By 1935, Harry’s dad was employed as a driver for Florida Milk Company. I recalled that a milkman was the main character in Like Mink, Like Murder, a Whittington oddity also reprinted by Stark House. For his part, Harry landed a job as a mail carrier for the U.S. Postal Service.

On February 6, 1936, 21 year-old Harry married Kathryn Odom, and the couple settled down in Saint Petersburg with Harry continuing his mailman gig until he was drafted in 1940. This military service was followed by a voluntary enlistment in the U.S. Navy from April 1945 to March 1946. 

Shortly after his release from the Navy, Harry sold his first novel, a western titled Vengeance Valley. In 1947, he sold a hardcover called Her Sin about a pleasure-loving girl named Iris. Demand for paperback original novels exploded in 1950, and Harry met that demand becoming one of the most prolific writers of paperback potboilers in the world. By 1957, Harry had 50 novels published under his own name and a cadre of pseudonyms. That same year, he was identified as a professional author in a St. Petersburg citizen’s directory uncovered by Informant Ben. 

In 1979, Harry settled in Indian Rocks Beach, a bit south of Clearwater. I saw his house, a modest ranch-style home built in 1951 two blocks from the gulf. Harry paid $45,000 for the place the same year he sold a mainstream flop called Sicilian Woman - the last novel published under his own name. It was in this house that he wrote six entries in the Longarm adult western series as Tabor Evans and twelve plantation gothic titles as Ashley Carter. Evidently, the market for paperbacks in the king’s own name had dried up by that point.

My manhunt concluded at Royal Palm South Cemetery in St. Petersburg where Harry was laid to rest in 1989 - later to be joined by his wife and daughter. His tombstone reads, “Master of the Roman Noir: One Of The Greats Among American Novelists.” An internet search explained that “Roman Noir” is a French term for a mystery or thriller, literally a “Dark Novel.”

Indeed, Harry’s best work was noir fiction, and you are holding in your hands two excellent examples of an American author at the top of his dark novel game. Still, I found his epigraph a bit reductive. Harry excelled at so many different genres: Westerns, Espionage, TV Tie-Ins, Historical Gothics, Erotica, Nursing Dramas and on and on. Some were good and others were not - but the guy’s cross-genre productivity was staggering and unmatched among his peers.

I left his gravesite thinking that even on his own tombstone, Harry didn’t get the credit he deserves. In any case, I’m glad you cared enough about his writing to pick up this Whittington double-shot. 

After all, Harry is a guy who deserves to be remembered. 

Conan the Usurper

Conan the Usurper was published in 1967 by Lancer with a painted cover by Frank Frazetta. It was later reprinted by Ace once Lancer ceased publishing operations. The book includes an introduction by L. Sprague de Camp and two short stories solely authored by Robert E. Howard. There are two additional stories included that were manuscripts by Howard that de Camp took it upon himself to edit and complete. 

According to L. Sprague de Camp's introduction in Conan the Usurper, de Camp discovered unpublished manuscripts written by Howard in 1951. With one of the manuscripts, “The Black Stranger”, de Camp took the liberty of editing and re-writing the story as an adaptation into the Conan saga, specifically Aquilonian revolution. Lester del Rey, editor of Fantasy Magazine, made further additions and deletions and published the manuscript as “The Black Stranger”. The story was re-titled to "The Treasure of Tranicos" and included the same year in a Gnome Press hardcover omnibus called King Conan. de Camp explained that the title change was a result of too many of Howard's Conan stories containing the word “black” in their titles. That story appears in this collection as "The Treasure of Tranicos".

In "The Treasure of Tranicos", the titular hero is running through the Pictish Wilderness, crossing Thunder River and brushing up against the Western Sea. Chased by Picts, Conan is shocked when the painted, savage warriors refuse to venture forward. Instead, as if scared of this part of the mountainous shoreline, they retreat. Conan, puzzled by the experience, finds a wooden door recessed into the mountain. Forcing it open, he discovers a dark cavern filled with preserved bodies and shiny piles of hidden treasure. But, he's quickly choked by hands that appear out of a dark mist. Then, Conan disappears for the bulk of the narrative's first half. 

In the next chapters, readers learn that this shoreline is a residence inhabited by Count Valenso. The Count, and his people, became shipwrecked and trapped on the shore months ago. Caught between the ocean and the savage Picts, the Count built a fort and has defended it since. Two rivals appear before the Count's fort, both greedy, savage pirates with a multitude of nefarious crewmen. It turns out that they have read pieces of a treasure map that points to the shoreline's location as home to hordes of precious loot. But, as Conan learned, it might come with a deadly price.

I can see that Howard's original manuscript was borderline Conan material. The Cimmerian isn't necessarily integral to the story, but by adding in a few descriptive details, and a brief mention of Aquilonian history, it works as another installment of the Conan mythos.

The next story in the book is "Wolves Beyond the Border", authored by both Howard and de Camp. Technically, it's in the same fictional universe and mentions the hero, but Conan doesn't actually appear in the story. It takes place along the Pictish border. For Hyborian Age rookies, the Picts are similar to the Native American tribes of the North American continent in the 1500-1800s. If you read early frontier novels by the likes of James Fenimore Cooper (Leatherstocking Tales) or later, traditional westerns by Zane Grey (his Border Trilogy for example), the narratives mostly consist of early settlers and pioneers struggling to live in the same territorial regions as Native American tribes. So, Robert E. Howard used this as a blueprint when creating Conan stories like “The Treasure of Tranicos” and “Wolves Beyond the Border”. The Pictish borders are similar to the surrounding areas of North America's early Ohio River Valley.

This story is told in first-person narrative by a border ranger. In the early pages, this ranger (unnamed and referred to as Gault Hagar's son) witnesses a bizarre ritual by the Picts, where they torture a man and then magically place him in the body of a snake. It is a disturbing, horrific passage that surpasses even the mad-scientist terrors lurking in “The Scarlet Citadel”. This ranger sees that an Aquilonian named Lord Valerian is conspiring to secretly ally with the Picts. This is important because the story is set during a time when Conan was attempting to overthrow Aquilonia's leaders and become the new king. An alliance of Picts and Aquilonian noblemen doesn't promise success for Conan. 

At nearly 60 paperback pages, the story becomes bogged down and convoluted in the middle. The ranger hero confronts Lord Valerian and Pictish leaders at a swamp cabin and there's a fight and a capture. The beginning and end are exciting skirmishes and chase sequences, but overall I found the story to be of middling quality.

"The Phoenix on the Sword" follows. In 1929, Robert E. Howard submitted a story called "By This Axe I Rule" to magazines like Argosy, Weird Tales, and Adventure. The story starred King Kull, the hero of Howard's published story, "The Shadow Kingdom", which is arguably the grandfather of the sword-and-sorcery genre. "By This Axe I Rule" received the same cold shoulder as 10 of Howard's other Kull manuscripts. Instead of giving up on the story, Howard modified the manuscript to include a different king, a dark haired barbarian called Conan. The story was re-titled as "The Phoenix on the Sword" and published by Weird Tales in December, 1932.

The story begins with an outlaw named Ascalante formulating a plot to assassinate King Conan of Aquilonia, a country that has turned against their king due to his foreign heritage. The Rebel Four (Volmana, Gromel, Dion, Rinaldo) all feel as though they are employing Ascalante's services. In reality, Ascalante plans on betraying the killers so he can seize the crown for himself. Ascalante's ace-in-the-hole is Thoth-Amon, an evil wizard he has enslaved to do his bidding.

A number of events occur that aid King Conan in escaping the assassination. A dead sage (ghost?) appears before Conan and warns him of the plot, allowing the barbarian king to prepare for their arrival. Additionally, this dead sage singes Conan's sword with the symbol of the phoenix, a tribute to a God named Mitra. At the same time, Thoth-Amon gains back a magical ring he lost years ago. To exact revenge on Ascalate for enslaving him, he conjures a large ape-like creature to venture out to hunt and kill Ascalante. All of this culminates in a bloody and vicious fight in Conan's throne room as he battles the Rebel Four, Ascalante, and sixteen of his rogue warriors. 

Obviously, there's a lot to digest over the course of this 9,000 word short story. In the manuscript's original form as "By This Axe I Rule", the magic element is absent, replaced with a simpler approach of Kull being warned of the assassination plot by a slave girl. Perhaps the story was too simple for Weird Tales editor Farnsworth Wright. Thus, Howard injects a magical pageantry to the tale, mystifying readers with political intrigue, monstrous mayhem, and a violent hero to cheer. The story is beautifully constructed with all of these moving, intricate parts blended together to create an artistic apex. This is Howard in brilliant form.

The last story is "The Scarlet Citadel" written solely by Howard. It was originally published in the January 1933 issue of Weird Tales. It was later included in the King Conan (1953) omnibus. The story was published more recently in The Conan Chronicles Vol. 2 (2001) and Conan of Cimmeria Vol. 1 (2003).

“The Scarlet Citadel” features Howard's famed Conan the Cimmerian in a much later period of his life. Readers discover that Conan is now an older, wiser warrior that has taken the crown of Aquilonia. King Conan receives a message from the king of Ophir claiming that the emperor of the nearby region Koth is threatening his kingdom. Ophir needs Aquilonia's assistance, so King Conan generously leads an army of 5,000 knights to fight Koth's invasion. 

Upon arrival, Conan discovers that it was a trap. Both Ophir and Koth's leaders were working together to ensnare the hero. Their secret weapon is Tsotha-Lanti, an evil sorcerer that captures Conan and places him in a deep, multi-chambered dungeon in a high tower. It is here that Conan experiences horrifying creatures that have been created or altered by the “mad scientist” Tsotha-Lanti. His biggest rival is a giant, slithering serpent that seems to guard the dungeon's cavernous hallways. 

In an attempt to escape, Conan frees a powerful wizard named Pelias. In a short backstory, Pelias explains to Conan that he was a rival of Tsotha-Lanti before being captured and imprisoned for ten years by the mad sorcerer. As the story continues, there's a prison escape, Conan riding a flying dragon (?), and an epic showdown as Conan and Pelias extract their revenge.

This story is on par with “The Tower of the Elephant” and “Rogues in the House” in terms of pure storytelling excellence. The escapism, extraordinary sense of adventure, and suspenseful dungeon horror are key elements that catapult the story into the higher echelons of Howard's literary showcase. His attention to detail grips the reader with an ominous overtone that promises nothing short of death and bloody destruction. Howard's lengthy paragraph describing Tsotha's castle overlooking the city, its lone road with steep, daunting hills on each side, makes for an impregnable tomb. This description makes Conan's dazzling, unorthodox escape more powerful and entertaining. 

Overall, the quality of both "The Phoenix on the Sword" and "The Scarlet Citadel" make Conan the Usurper a must-have book. However, at this point in time you can easily obtain these two stories in other editions, including the fantastic collections published by Del Rey. The other two stories aren't mandatory reads and serve as filler to pad out the page count. If you are a Conan completist you probably need this book just for Frazetta's painted cover alone. Recommended. Get the book HERE.